Singular and Plural noun in Hindi – Noun and the Number (Singular and Plural forms of Nouns) एकवचन (Singular) से बहुवचन (Plural) बनाने के नियम, How to Make Plural from singular Noun, In this post, learners will study about the noun and the number. There are two kinds of Numbers. There are two types of nouns; countable and uncountable in Hindi. Read the singular and plural nouns rules below.
Singular Number and Plural Number in Hindi
Nouns सदैव दो भागों में बांटा जाता है;
- Singular Numbers
- Plural Numbers
Singular Number in Hindi (एकवचन)
जिन शब्दों से एक व्यक्ति एक वस्तु या एक स्थान का भाव प्रकट होता है, एकवचन कहलाता है। जैसे; Table, Pen, Book, City, child, man आदि।
Noun that denotes a person or thing is said to be in the singular number.
For examples: Table, Pen, Book, City, child, man etc.
Plural Number in Hindi (बहुवचन)
जिन शब्दों से एक से अधिक व्यक्ति, स्थान या वस्तुओं का पता चलता है, बहुवचन कहलाता है। जैसे; Tables, Pens, Books, Cities, Children, Men आदि।
A Noun that denotes more than one person or thing is said to be in the plural number. Examples: Tables, Pens, Books, Cities, Children, Men etc.
Singular से Plural बनाने के नियम
Rule – 1. कुछ Nouns के अंत में s लगाकर Plural बनाते हैं। जैसे;
| Singular | Hindi Meaning | Plural |
| Pen | कलम | Pens |
| Table | मेज | Tables |
| Chair | कुर्सी | Chairs |
| House | घर | Houses |
| Horse | घोड़ा | Horses |
| Shirt | कमीज | Shirts |
| Mat | चटाई | Mats |
| Fan | पंखा | Fans |
| Friend | दोस्त | Friends |
| Room | कमरा | Rooms |
Examples:
1. मुझे अपनी कलम दो।
Give me your pen.
2. वे मेरी कलमें हैं।
Those are my pens.
3. यह एक नई कुर्सी है।
This is a new chair.
Rule – 2. जिन Nouns के अंत में a, e, ee, ay, ey, oy, oo होता है तो Singular से Plural बनाते समय s लगाते हैं। जैसे;
| Singular | Hindi Meaning | Plural |
| Monkey | बंदर | Monkeys |
| Day | दिन | Days |
| Play | नाटक | Plays |
| Key | चाबी | Keys |
| Toy | खिलौना | Toys |
| Guava | अमरूद | Guavas |
| Horse | घोड़ा | Horses |
| Prize | पुरस्कार | Prizes |
| Bee | मधुमक्खी | Bees |
| Boy | लड़का | Boys |
| Cuckoo | कोयल | Cuckoo |
| Banana | केला | Banana |
| Bamboo | बांस | Bamboos |
| Tree | पेड़ | Trees |
100 examples of noun in sentences
Rule – 3 जब Noun के अंत में कोई व्यंजन (consonant) आता है तो s जोड़ते हैं। जैसे:
| Singular | Hindi Meaning | Plural |
| Book | Books | |
| Road | Roads | |
| Bag | Bags | |
| Cup | Cups | |
| Cat | Cats | |
| Spoon | Spoons | |
| Pan | Pans | |
| Room | Rooms | |
| Ball | Balls | |
| Star | Stars | |
| Door | Doors | |
| Stick | Sticks | |
| Girl | Girls | |
| Driver | Drivers |
4. यदि किसी नाउन के अंत में s, ss, sh, ch, x, z, x आते हैं तो Singular से Plural बनाते समय es लगाते हैं; जैसे;
| Singular | Hindi Meaning | Plural |
| Box | Boxes | |
| Bush | Bushes | |
| Bench | Benches | |
| Class | Classes | |
| Gas | Gases | |
| Glass | Glasses | |
| Branch | Branches | |
| Tax | Taxes | |
| Match | Matches | |
| Watch | Watches | |
| Quiz | Quizzes | |
| Bus | Buses | |
| Brush | Brushes | |
| Topaz | Topazes |
5. ऐसे Nouns जो y से समाप्त होते हैं, और उनसे पहले कोई कॉन्सोनेंट (consonant) आता है तो y को हटाकर उनमें ies जोड़ देते हैं। जैसे;
| Singular | Hindi Meaning | Plural |
| Fly | Flies | |
| Army | Armies | |
| Duty | Duties | |
| Body | Bodies | |
| Cry | Cries | |
| Lady | Ladies | |
| City | Cities | |
| Baby | Babies | |
| Pony | Ponies | |
| Story | Stories | |
| Security | Securities | |
| Salary | Salaries | |
| Lily | Lilies | |
| Nursery | Nurseries |
6. जिन Nouns के अंत में o आता है तो तो उसमें es जोड़ते हैं। जैसे:
| Singular | Hindi Meaning | Plural |
| Tomato | Tomatoes | |
| Potato | Potatoes | |
| Mango | Mangoes | |
| Hero | Heroes | |
| Valcano | Volcanoes | |
| Buffalo | Buffaloes | |
| Mosquito | Mosquitoes | |
| Tornado | Tornadoes | |
| Grotto | Grottoes | |
| Torpedo | Torpedoes | |
| Negro | Negroes |
Note: We make plural of the singular nouns by adding ‘s’ which ends with vowel ‘o’.
Examples:
Singular – Bamboo, Cameo, Cuckoo, Curio, Portfolio, Ratio, Stereo, Studio, Folio, Video, radio, Scenario
Plural – Bamboos, Cameos, Cuckoos, Curios, Portfolios, Ratios, Stereos, Studios, Folios, Videos, radios, Scenarios
7. जब Nouns के अंत में f या fe ही आता है तो Singular से Plural बनाते समय f या fe को हटाकर उसमें ves जोड़ देते हैं। जैसे:
| Singular | Hindi Meaning | Plural |
| Wife | Wives | |
| Shelf | Shelves | |
| Life | Lives | |
| Knife | Knives | |
| Calf | Calves | |
| Wolf | Wolves | |
| Thief | Thieves | |
| Loaf | Loaves | |
| Half | Halves | |
| Leaf | Leaves | |
| Elf | Elves | |
| Shelf | Shelves | |
| Self | Selves |
8. कुछ ऐसे Nouns हैं जिनके अंत में f, ff, या fe आता है तो उसमें सिर्फ s छोड़कर Plural बनाते हैं।
| Singular | Hindi Meaning | Plural |
| Roof | Roofs | |
| Belief | Beliefs | |
| Cliff | Cliffs | |
| Dwarf | Dwarf | |
| Grief | Griefs | |
| Staff | Staffs | |
| Chief | Chief | |
| Scarf | Scarf | |
| Gulf | Gulf | |
| Handkerchief | Handkerchiefs | |
| Hoof | Hoofs | |
| Proof | Proofs | |
| Mischief | Mischiefs | |
| Puff | Puffs | |
| Reef | Reefs | |
| Turf | Turfs | |
| Cafe | Cafes | |
| Safe | Safes | |
| Strife | Strifes |
9. कुछ Nouns के Plural बनाने के लिए उनके अंदर के Vowels को उसको बदल देते हैं। जैसे:
| Singular | Hindi Meaning | Plural |
| Tooth | Teeth | |
| Foot | Feet | |
| Man | Men | |
| Woman | Women | |
| Goose | Geese | |
| Mouse | Mice | |
| Louse | Lice |
10. कुछ ऐसे Nouns हैं जिनके अंत में en या ren जोड़कर पूरे बनाया जाता है। जैसे:
- Singular – Child, Ox, Brother
- Plural – Children, Oxen, Brethren
11. कुछ Nouns उसका प्रयोग सदैव Plural अर्थ के लिए किया जाता है। अर्थात वे सिंगुलर तथा प्लूरल फॉर्म में एक समान रहते हैं।
12. Compound Nouns का Plural Nouns के मुख्य शब्द में s जोड़कर Plural बनाया जाता है।
जैसे:
| Singular | Hindi Meaning | Plural |
| Father-in-law | Fathers-in-law | |
| Mother-in-law | Mothers-in-law | |
| Brother-in-law | Brothers-in-law | |
| Sister-in-law | Sisters-in-law | |
| Step-mother | Step-mothers | |
| Step-father | Step-fathers | |
| Step-brother | Step-brothers | |
| Step-sister | Step-sisters | |
| Step-son | Step-sons | |
| Step-daughter | Step-daughters | |
| Passer-by | Passers-by | |
| Maid-servant | Maid-servants | |
| Washerman | Washerwomen |
13. कुछ ऐसे नाम हैं Compound Nouns जिनके पदों को बदलकर Plural बनाया जाता है। जैसे:
Singular – Man-servant, Woman-servant, Lord-justice,
Plural – Men-servant, Women-servant, Lord-justices,
14. अधिकांश Uncountable nouns सामान्यतः Singular व Plural forms में प्रयोग किए जाते हैं, किंतु जब वे Plural फॉर्म में प्रयोग किए जाते हैं, तो उनका अर्थ Uncountable Nouns से भिन्न होता है। जैसे – Advice – Advices
15 – Plural forms of some foreign words –
| Singular | Hindi Meaning | Plural |
| Agendum | Agenda | |
| Erratum | Errata | |
| Alumnus | Alumni | |
| Axix | Axes | |
| Analysis | Analyses | |
| Bacillus | Bacilli | |
| Bandit | Banditti | |
| Becterium | Bacteria | |
| Basis | Bases | |
| Criterion | Criteria | |
| Crisis | Crises | |
| Datum | Data | |
| Dictum | Dicta | |
| Formula | Formulae | |
| Thesis | Theses |
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